Friends of ASOR present the next webinar in our monthly series on December 2, at 7:00 pm EST, featuring Prof. James R. Strange. For decades, the accepted wisdom among scholars of the canonical gospels was that the “synagogues” that featured in Jesus’ ministry were not buildings but congregations. After all, “gathering” is the plainest meaning of the Greek word synagōgē. Furthermore, in stories in which Jesus taught and healed, and in which he experienced rejection in his hometown of Nazareth, nothing requires that he did these things in a building. Once first-century synagogue buildings started turning up in excavations in Judea, scholars began to accept that some Galilean villages might have included synagogue buildings, and excavations in Capernaum and Gamla appeared to confirm expectations. Then another dispute emerged: some argued that the Jewish synagogue had been a religious institution from its founding while others contended that, so long as the Jerusalem temple stood, synagogues in Palestine were used for secular gatherings. Therefore, these structures began to accommodate religious practices only after the temple was destroyed in 70 CE.
This webinar lecture will draw from literary texts, inscriptions, and archaeological remains to explore these debates. We will ask whether or not synagogue buildings existed in the Galilee during Jesus’ ministry, what happened in early synagogues, which sites have archaeological evidence for the earliest synagogues, and where we should expect to find more as we continue to dig. Join us for this deep dive into how these buildings played a role in Jewish society during Jesus’ lifetime. Dr. Strange will conclude his webinar with a live Q&A session.
James Riley Strange is Charles Jackson Granade and Elizabeth Donald Granade Professor in New Testament at Samford University’s Howard College of Arts and Sciences, where he teaches courses in New Testament and archaeology. He has been directing the Shikhin Excavation Project in Lower Galilee since 2012. Excavations in the village ruins have turned up remains of a ceramics and oil lamp industry and a synagogue that dates to the Roman period. Alongside David A. Fiensy, he is co-editor of the two-volume set, Galilee in the Late Second Temple and Mishnaic Periods (Fortress Press, 2014 and 2015), and he is the author of One Problem After Another: An Introduction to Archaeology, the Gospels, and Understanding Roman Galilee (Eerdmans, forthcoming in 2022).
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